la prévention
Hemochromatosis is a disease caused by genetics, so it cannot be prevented. However, the early detection and treatment of hemochromatosis are crucial in preventing the complications of further developments such as cirrhosis or liver cancer.
diagnostic
Blood tests are used to measure the iron level in the blood and total iron deposited in the tissues to detect hemochromatosis. The most common tests are the transferrin saturation and serum ferritin. There is also a new development of a genetic test which is usually done on a blood sample in a regional lab specializing in DNA testing. This has alleviated the need for liver biopsy in many young patients.
traitement
The goal of treatment is to reduce the amount of iron stored in the body. This is accomplished by a procedure known as venesection or phlebotomy (bloodletting). It is usually done on a weekly basis and is similar to making a blood donation. Since the red blood cells contain iron, essential for transporting oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, the body will draw on the accumulated iron to replace the lost red blood cells.
Treatment may take months, or even up to two or three years, depending on the amount of iron that has accumulated. Once the excess iron has been removed by blood-letting, the person must continue to have the amount of body iron monitored annually.
l'alimentation
Iron supplements, multi-vitamins, and mineral preparations containing iron should not be taken. Vitamin C, which enhances the absorption of iron when consumed with food, should be avoided or taken only four hours before or after a meal. Also, excess alcohol consumption can also enhance the absorption of iron.
