prevention
The most important way to prevent alcohol-associated liver diseases is to limit alcohol consumption as it is toxic to liver cells. Canada’s Low Risk Drinking Guidelines is an excellent resource to help individuals make informed decisions about their alcohol consumption. It is recommended that:
- Women consume less than 2 standard drinks each day, 10 standard drinks per week, or 3 standard drinks on special occasions
- Men consume less than 3 alcoholic beverages each day, 15 standard drinks per week, or 4 standard drinks on special occasions
- Pregnant individuals avoid consuming alcohol.
In Canada a standard drink equals:
- a bottle of beer (12 oz., 341 ml, 5% alcohol)
- a glass of wine (5 oz., 142 ml, 12% alcohol)
- a shot glass of spirits (1.5 oz., 43 ml, 40% alcohol)
- a bottle of cider (12 oz., 341 ml, 5% alcohol)
Following these guidelines are likely to reduce your risk of developing alcohol-associated liver disease although all consumption of alcohol can lead to health complications.
diagnosis
The first step to diagnosing alcohol-associated liver disease is a comprehensive medical exam discussing medical history and lifestyle habits. Common diagnostic tests to determine if an individual has alcohol-associated liver disease include:
- Blood tests to measure liver enzyme levels
- Imaging tests such as an ultrasound, X-ray, or CT scan
- Liver biopsy to confirm diagnosis
It’s important to be open with your healthcare provider about your alcohol use, just as you would with your diet, exercise, and medications. This helps ensure an accurate diagnosis.
treatment
Treatment for alcohol related liver disease would depend on the diagnosis and stage of liver damage.
In early stages, the most important form of treatment is to stop the consumption of alcohol. If patients do not have severe irreversible liver scarring, the liver has the ability to regenerate and restore its functioning when alcohol is no longer consumed. It may be helpful to discuss with your doctor the various options for support near you, such as counselling, treatment centers, or local support groups.
Individuals in later stages may require a liver transplant based on the liver’s ability to perform its vital functions. If your doctor thinks you may need a liver transplant, you will be referred to a transplant centre where a transplant team will complete a physical and psychological assessment to determine if a transplant is right for you.
If you think you may be alcohol dependent, it’s important to seek help. Start by talking to your healthcare provider about treatment programs and any necessary referrals and support available near you.
