prevention
The most important way to prevent alcohol-associated liver diseases is to limit alcohol consumption as it is toxic to liver cells. Canada’s Low Risk Drinking Guidelines is an excellent resource to help individuals make informed decisions about their alcohol consumption. It is recommended that:
- Women consume less than 2 standard drinks each day, 10 standard drinks per week, or 3 standard drinks on special occasions
- Men consume less than 3 alcoholic beverages each day, 15 standard drinks per week, or 4 standard drinks on special occasions
- Pregnant individuals avoid consuming alcohol.
In Canada a standard drink equals:
- a bottle of beer (12 oz., 341 ml, 5% alcohol)
- a glass of wine (5 oz., 142 ml, 12% alcohol)
- a shot glass of spirits (1.5 oz., 43 ml, 40% alcohol)
- a bottle of cider (12 oz., 341 ml, 5% alcohol)
Following these guidelines are likely to reduce your risk of developing alcohol-associated liver disease although all consumption of alcohol can lead to health complications.
diagnosis
The first step to diagnosing alcohol-associated liver disease is a comprehensive medical exam discussing medical history and lifestyle habits. Common diagnostic tests to determine if an individual has alcohol-associated liver disease include:
- Blood tests to measure liver enzyme levels
- Imaging tests such as an ultrasound, X-ray, or CT scan
- Liver biopsy to confirm diagnosis
treatment
In early stages, the most important form of treatment is to stop the consumption of alcohol. If patients do not have severe irreversible liver scarring, the liver has the ability to regenerate and restore its functioning when alcohol is no longer consumed. Individuals in later stages may require a liver transplant based on the liver’s ability to perform its vital functions.
